1. Divide the number repeatedly by 2:
Keep track of each remainder.
We stop when we get a quotient that is equal to zero.
- division = quotient + remainder;
- 4 138 077 197 530 ÷ 2 = 2 069 038 598 765 + 0;
- 2 069 038 598 765 ÷ 2 = 1 034 519 299 382 + 1;
- 1 034 519 299 382 ÷ 2 = 517 259 649 691 + 0;
- 517 259 649 691 ÷ 2 = 258 629 824 845 + 1;
- 258 629 824 845 ÷ 2 = 129 314 912 422 + 1;
- 129 314 912 422 ÷ 2 = 64 657 456 211 + 0;
- 64 657 456 211 ÷ 2 = 32 328 728 105 + 1;
- 32 328 728 105 ÷ 2 = 16 164 364 052 + 1;
- 16 164 364 052 ÷ 2 = 8 082 182 026 + 0;
- 8 082 182 026 ÷ 2 = 4 041 091 013 + 0;
- 4 041 091 013 ÷ 2 = 2 020 545 506 + 1;
- 2 020 545 506 ÷ 2 = 1 010 272 753 + 0;
- 1 010 272 753 ÷ 2 = 505 136 376 + 1;
- 505 136 376 ÷ 2 = 252 568 188 + 0;
- 252 568 188 ÷ 2 = 126 284 094 + 0;
- 126 284 094 ÷ 2 = 63 142 047 + 0;
- 63 142 047 ÷ 2 = 31 571 023 + 1;
- 31 571 023 ÷ 2 = 15 785 511 + 1;
- 15 785 511 ÷ 2 = 7 892 755 + 1;
- 7 892 755 ÷ 2 = 3 946 377 + 1;
- 3 946 377 ÷ 2 = 1 973 188 + 1;
- 1 973 188 ÷ 2 = 986 594 + 0;
- 986 594 ÷ 2 = 493 297 + 0;
- 493 297 ÷ 2 = 246 648 + 1;
- 246 648 ÷ 2 = 123 324 + 0;
- 123 324 ÷ 2 = 61 662 + 0;
- 61 662 ÷ 2 = 30 831 + 0;
- 30 831 ÷ 2 = 15 415 + 1;
- 15 415 ÷ 2 = 7 707 + 1;
- 7 707 ÷ 2 = 3 853 + 1;
- 3 853 ÷ 2 = 1 926 + 1;
- 1 926 ÷ 2 = 963 + 0;
- 963 ÷ 2 = 481 + 1;
- 481 ÷ 2 = 240 + 1;
- 240 ÷ 2 = 120 + 0;
- 120 ÷ 2 = 60 + 0;
- 60 ÷ 2 = 30 + 0;
- 30 ÷ 2 = 15 + 0;
- 15 ÷ 2 = 7 + 1;
- 7 ÷ 2 = 3 + 1;
- 3 ÷ 2 = 1 + 1;
- 1 ÷ 2 = 0 + 1;
2. Construct the base 2 representation of the positive number:
Take all the remainders starting from the bottom of the list constructed above.
4 138 077 197 530(10) = 11 1100 0011 0111 1000 1001 1111 0001 0100 1101 1010(2)
3. Determine the signed binary number bit length:
The base 2 number's actual length, in bits: 42.
A signed binary's bit length must be equal to a power of 2, as of:
21 = 2; 22 = 4; 23 = 8; 24 = 16; 25 = 32; 26 = 64; ...
The first bit (the leftmost) indicates the sign:
0 = positive integer number, 1 = negative integer number
The least number that is:
1) a power of 2
2) and is larger than the actual length, 42,
3) so that the first bit (leftmost) could be zero
(we deal with a positive number at this moment)
=== is: 64.
4. Get the positive binary computer representation on 64 bits (8 Bytes):
If needed, add extra 0s in front (to the left) of the base 2 number, up to the required length, 64.
Number 4 138 077 197 530(10), a signed integer number (with sign), converted from decimal system (from base 10) and written as a signed binary in two's complement representation:
4 138 077 197 530(10) = 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0011 1100 0011 0111 1000 1001 1111 0001 0100 1101 1010
Spaces were used to group digits: for binary, by 4, for decimal, by 3.