-0.085 969 999 999 999 990 869 525 845 482 712 611 563 7 Converted to 64 Bit Double Precision IEEE 754 Binary Floating Point Representation Standard

Convert decimal -0.085 969 999 999 999 990 869 525 845 482 712 611 563 7(10) to 64 bit double precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation standard (1 bit for sign, 11 bits for exponent, 52 bits for mantissa)

What are the steps to convert decimal number
-0.085 969 999 999 999 990 869 525 845 482 712 611 563 7(10) to 64 bit double precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation (1 bit for sign, 11 bits for exponent, 52 bits for mantissa)

1. Start with the positive version of the number:

|-0.085 969 999 999 999 990 869 525 845 482 712 611 563 7| = 0.085 969 999 999 999 990 869 525 845 482 712 611 563 7


2. First, convert to binary (in base 2) the integer part: 0.
Divide the number repeatedly by 2.

Keep track of each remainder.

We stop when we get a quotient that is equal to zero.


  • division = quotient + remainder;
  • 0 ÷ 2 = 0 + 0;

3. Construct the base 2 representation of the integer part of the number.

Take all the remainders starting from the bottom of the list constructed above.

0(10) =

0(2)


4. Convert to binary (base 2) the fractional part: 0.085 969 999 999 999 990 869 525 845 482 712 611 563 7.

Multiply it repeatedly by 2.

Keep track of each integer part of the results.

Stop when we get a fractional part that is equal to zero.


  • #) multiplying = integer + fractional part;
  • 1) 0.085 969 999 999 999 990 869 525 845 482 712 611 563 7 × 2 = 0 + 0.171 939 999 999 999 981 739 051 690 965 425 223 127 4;
  • 2) 0.171 939 999 999 999 981 739 051 690 965 425 223 127 4 × 2 = 0 + 0.343 879 999 999 999 963 478 103 381 930 850 446 254 8;
  • 3) 0.343 879 999 999 999 963 478 103 381 930 850 446 254 8 × 2 = 0 + 0.687 759 999 999 999 926 956 206 763 861 700 892 509 6;
  • 4) 0.687 759 999 999 999 926 956 206 763 861 700 892 509 6 × 2 = 1 + 0.375 519 999 999 999 853 912 413 527 723 401 785 019 2;
  • 5) 0.375 519 999 999 999 853 912 413 527 723 401 785 019 2 × 2 = 0 + 0.751 039 999 999 999 707 824 827 055 446 803 570 038 4;
  • 6) 0.751 039 999 999 999 707 824 827 055 446 803 570 038 4 × 2 = 1 + 0.502 079 999 999 999 415 649 654 110 893 607 140 076 8;
  • 7) 0.502 079 999 999 999 415 649 654 110 893 607 140 076 8 × 2 = 1 + 0.004 159 999 999 998 831 299 308 221 787 214 280 153 6;
  • 8) 0.004 159 999 999 998 831 299 308 221 787 214 280 153 6 × 2 = 0 + 0.008 319 999 999 997 662 598 616 443 574 428 560 307 2;
  • 9) 0.008 319 999 999 997 662 598 616 443 574 428 560 307 2 × 2 = 0 + 0.016 639 999 999 995 325 197 232 887 148 857 120 614 4;
  • 10) 0.016 639 999 999 995 325 197 232 887 148 857 120 614 4 × 2 = 0 + 0.033 279 999 999 990 650 394 465 774 297 714 241 228 8;
  • 11) 0.033 279 999 999 990 650 394 465 774 297 714 241 228 8 × 2 = 0 + 0.066 559 999 999 981 300 788 931 548 595 428 482 457 6;
  • 12) 0.066 559 999 999 981 300 788 931 548 595 428 482 457 6 × 2 = 0 + 0.133 119 999 999 962 601 577 863 097 190 856 964 915 2;
  • 13) 0.133 119 999 999 962 601 577 863 097 190 856 964 915 2 × 2 = 0 + 0.266 239 999 999 925 203 155 726 194 381 713 929 830 4;
  • 14) 0.266 239 999 999 925 203 155 726 194 381 713 929 830 4 × 2 = 0 + 0.532 479 999 999 850 406 311 452 388 763 427 859 660 8;
  • 15) 0.532 479 999 999 850 406 311 452 388 763 427 859 660 8 × 2 = 1 + 0.064 959 999 999 700 812 622 904 777 526 855 719 321 6;
  • 16) 0.064 959 999 999 700 812 622 904 777 526 855 719 321 6 × 2 = 0 + 0.129 919 999 999 401 625 245 809 555 053 711 438 643 2;
  • 17) 0.129 919 999 999 401 625 245 809 555 053 711 438 643 2 × 2 = 0 + 0.259 839 999 998 803 250 491 619 110 107 422 877 286 4;
  • 18) 0.259 839 999 998 803 250 491 619 110 107 422 877 286 4 × 2 = 0 + 0.519 679 999 997 606 500 983 238 220 214 845 754 572 8;
  • 19) 0.519 679 999 997 606 500 983 238 220 214 845 754 572 8 × 2 = 1 + 0.039 359 999 995 213 001 966 476 440 429 691 509 145 6;
  • 20) 0.039 359 999 995 213 001 966 476 440 429 691 509 145 6 × 2 = 0 + 0.078 719 999 990 426 003 932 952 880 859 383 018 291 2;
  • 21) 0.078 719 999 990 426 003 932 952 880 859 383 018 291 2 × 2 = 0 + 0.157 439 999 980 852 007 865 905 761 718 766 036 582 4;
  • 22) 0.157 439 999 980 852 007 865 905 761 718 766 036 582 4 × 2 = 0 + 0.314 879 999 961 704 015 731 811 523 437 532 073 164 8;
  • 23) 0.314 879 999 961 704 015 731 811 523 437 532 073 164 8 × 2 = 0 + 0.629 759 999 923 408 031 463 623 046 875 064 146 329 6;
  • 24) 0.629 759 999 923 408 031 463 623 046 875 064 146 329 6 × 2 = 1 + 0.259 519 999 846 816 062 927 246 093 750 128 292 659 2;
  • 25) 0.259 519 999 846 816 062 927 246 093 750 128 292 659 2 × 2 = 0 + 0.519 039 999 693 632 125 854 492 187 500 256 585 318 4;
  • 26) 0.519 039 999 693 632 125 854 492 187 500 256 585 318 4 × 2 = 1 + 0.038 079 999 387 264 251 708 984 375 000 513 170 636 8;
  • 27) 0.038 079 999 387 264 251 708 984 375 000 513 170 636 8 × 2 = 0 + 0.076 159 998 774 528 503 417 968 750 001 026 341 273 6;
  • 28) 0.076 159 998 774 528 503 417 968 750 001 026 341 273 6 × 2 = 0 + 0.152 319 997 549 057 006 835 937 500 002 052 682 547 2;
  • 29) 0.152 319 997 549 057 006 835 937 500 002 052 682 547 2 × 2 = 0 + 0.304 639 995 098 114 013 671 875 000 004 105 365 094 4;
  • 30) 0.304 639 995 098 114 013 671 875 000 004 105 365 094 4 × 2 = 0 + 0.609 279 990 196 228 027 343 750 000 008 210 730 188 8;
  • 31) 0.609 279 990 196 228 027 343 750 000 008 210 730 188 8 × 2 = 1 + 0.218 559 980 392 456 054 687 500 000 016 421 460 377 6;
  • 32) 0.218 559 980 392 456 054 687 500 000 016 421 460 377 6 × 2 = 0 + 0.437 119 960 784 912 109 375 000 000 032 842 920 755 2;
  • 33) 0.437 119 960 784 912 109 375 000 000 032 842 920 755 2 × 2 = 0 + 0.874 239 921 569 824 218 750 000 000 065 685 841 510 4;
  • 34) 0.874 239 921 569 824 218 750 000 000 065 685 841 510 4 × 2 = 1 + 0.748 479 843 139 648 437 500 000 000 131 371 683 020 8;
  • 35) 0.748 479 843 139 648 437 500 000 000 131 371 683 020 8 × 2 = 1 + 0.496 959 686 279 296 875 000 000 000 262 743 366 041 6;
  • 36) 0.496 959 686 279 296 875 000 000 000 262 743 366 041 6 × 2 = 0 + 0.993 919 372 558 593 750 000 000 000 525 486 732 083 2;
  • 37) 0.993 919 372 558 593 750 000 000 000 525 486 732 083 2 × 2 = 1 + 0.987 838 745 117 187 500 000 000 001 050 973 464 166 4;
  • 38) 0.987 838 745 117 187 500 000 000 001 050 973 464 166 4 × 2 = 1 + 0.975 677 490 234 375 000 000 000 002 101 946 928 332 8;
  • 39) 0.975 677 490 234 375 000 000 000 002 101 946 928 332 8 × 2 = 1 + 0.951 354 980 468 750 000 000 000 004 203 893 856 665 6;
  • 40) 0.951 354 980 468 750 000 000 000 004 203 893 856 665 6 × 2 = 1 + 0.902 709 960 937 500 000 000 000 008 407 787 713 331 2;
  • 41) 0.902 709 960 937 500 000 000 000 008 407 787 713 331 2 × 2 = 1 + 0.805 419 921 875 000 000 000 000 016 815 575 426 662 4;
  • 42) 0.805 419 921 875 000 000 000 000 016 815 575 426 662 4 × 2 = 1 + 0.610 839 843 750 000 000 000 000 033 631 150 853 324 8;
  • 43) 0.610 839 843 750 000 000 000 000 033 631 150 853 324 8 × 2 = 1 + 0.221 679 687 500 000 000 000 000 067 262 301 706 649 6;
  • 44) 0.221 679 687 500 000 000 000 000 067 262 301 706 649 6 × 2 = 0 + 0.443 359 375 000 000 000 000 000 134 524 603 413 299 2;
  • 45) 0.443 359 375 000 000 000 000 000 134 524 603 413 299 2 × 2 = 0 + 0.886 718 750 000 000 000 000 000 269 049 206 826 598 4;
  • 46) 0.886 718 750 000 000 000 000 000 269 049 206 826 598 4 × 2 = 1 + 0.773 437 500 000 000 000 000 000 538 098 413 653 196 8;
  • 47) 0.773 437 500 000 000 000 000 000 538 098 413 653 196 8 × 2 = 1 + 0.546 875 000 000 000 000 000 001 076 196 827 306 393 6;
  • 48) 0.546 875 000 000 000 000 000 001 076 196 827 306 393 6 × 2 = 1 + 0.093 750 000 000 000 000 000 002 152 393 654 612 787 2;
  • 49) 0.093 750 000 000 000 000 000 002 152 393 654 612 787 2 × 2 = 0 + 0.187 500 000 000 000 000 000 004 304 787 309 225 574 4;
  • 50) 0.187 500 000 000 000 000 000 004 304 787 309 225 574 4 × 2 = 0 + 0.375 000 000 000 000 000 000 008 609 574 618 451 148 8;
  • 51) 0.375 000 000 000 000 000 000 008 609 574 618 451 148 8 × 2 = 0 + 0.750 000 000 000 000 000 000 017 219 149 236 902 297 6;
  • 52) 0.750 000 000 000 000 000 000 017 219 149 236 902 297 6 × 2 = 1 + 0.500 000 000 000 000 000 000 034 438 298 473 804 595 2;
  • 53) 0.500 000 000 000 000 000 000 034 438 298 473 804 595 2 × 2 = 1 + 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 068 876 596 947 609 190 4;
  • 54) 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 068 876 596 947 609 190 4 × 2 = 0 + 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 137 753 193 895 218 380 8;
  • 55) 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 137 753 193 895 218 380 8 × 2 = 0 + 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 275 506 387 790 436 761 6;
  • 56) 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 275 506 387 790 436 761 6 × 2 = 0 + 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 551 012 775 580 873 523 2;

We didn't get any fractional part that was equal to zero. But we had enough iterations (over Mantissa limit) and at least one integer that was different from zero => FULL STOP (Losing precision - the converted number we get in the end will be just a very good approximation of the initial one).


5. Construct the base 2 representation of the fractional part of the number.

Take all the integer parts of the multiplying operations, starting from the top of the constructed list above:


0.085 969 999 999 999 990 869 525 845 482 712 611 563 7(10) =

0.0001 0110 0000 0010 0010 0001 0100 0010 0110 1111 1110 0111 0001 1000(2)

6. Positive number before normalization:

0.085 969 999 999 999 990 869 525 845 482 712 611 563 7(10) =

0.0001 0110 0000 0010 0010 0001 0100 0010 0110 1111 1110 0111 0001 1000(2)

7. Normalize the binary representation of the number.

Shift the decimal mark 4 positions to the right, so that only one non zero digit remains to the left of it:


0.085 969 999 999 999 990 869 525 845 482 712 611 563 7(10) =

0.0001 0110 0000 0010 0010 0001 0100 0010 0110 1111 1110 0111 0001 1000(2) =

0.0001 0110 0000 0010 0010 0001 0100 0010 0110 1111 1110 0111 0001 1000(2) × 20 =

1.0110 0000 0010 0010 0001 0100 0010 0110 1111 1110 0111 0001 1000(2) × 2-4


8. Up to this moment, there are the following elements that would feed into the 64 bit double precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation:

Sign 1 (a negative number)

Exponent (unadjusted): -4

Mantissa (not normalized):
1.0110 0000 0010 0010 0001 0100 0010 0110 1111 1110 0111 0001 1000


9. Adjust the exponent.

Use the 11 bit excess/bias notation:


Exponent (adjusted) =

Exponent (unadjusted) + 2(11-1) - 1 =

-4 + 2(11-1) - 1 =

(-4 + 1 023)(10) =

1 019(10)


10. Convert the adjusted exponent from the decimal (base 10) to 11 bit binary.

Use the same technique of repeatedly dividing by 2:


  • division = quotient + remainder;
  • 1 019 ÷ 2 = 509 + 1;
  • 509 ÷ 2 = 254 + 1;
  • 254 ÷ 2 = 127 + 0;
  • 127 ÷ 2 = 63 + 1;
  • 63 ÷ 2 = 31 + 1;
  • 31 ÷ 2 = 15 + 1;
  • 15 ÷ 2 = 7 + 1;
  • 7 ÷ 2 = 3 + 1;
  • 3 ÷ 2 = 1 + 1;
  • 1 ÷ 2 = 0 + 1;

11. Construct the base 2 representation of the adjusted exponent.

Take all the remainders starting from the bottom of the list constructed above.


Exponent (adjusted) =

1019(10) =

011 1111 1011(2)


12. Normalize the mantissa.

a) Remove the leading (the leftmost) bit, since it's allways 1, and the decimal point, if the case.

b) Adjust its length to 52 bits, only if necessary (not the case here).


Mantissa (normalized) =

1. 0110 0000 0010 0010 0001 0100 0010 0110 1111 1110 0111 0001 1000 =

0110 0000 0010 0010 0001 0100 0010 0110 1111 1110 0111 0001 1000


13. The three elements that make up the number's 64 bit double precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation:

Sign (1 bit) =
1 (a negative number)

Exponent (11 bits) =
011 1111 1011

Mantissa (52 bits) =
0110 0000 0010 0010 0001 0100 0010 0110 1111 1110 0111 0001 1000


Decimal number -0.085 969 999 999 999 990 869 525 845 482 712 611 563 7 converted to 64 bit double precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation:

1 - 011 1111 1011 - 0110 0000 0010 0010 0001 0100 0010 0110 1111 1110 0111 0001 1000

» Convert decimal -0.085 969 999 999 999 990 869 525 845 482 712 611 569 2 to 64 bit double precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation standard

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How to convert numbers from the decimal system (base ten) to 64 bit double precision IEEE 754 binary floating point standard

Follow the steps below to convert a base 10 decimal number to 64 bit double precision IEEE 754 binary floating point:

  • 1. If the number to be converted is negative, start with its the positive version.
  • 2. First convert the integer part. Divide repeatedly by 2 the positive representation of the integer number that is to be converted to binary, until we get a quotient that is equal to zero, keeping track of each remainder.
  • 3. Construct the base 2 representation of the positive integer part of the number, by taking all the remainders from the previous operations, starting from the bottom of the list constructed above. Thus, the last remainder of the divisions becomes the first symbol (the leftmost) of the base two number, while the first remainder becomes the last symbol (the rightmost).
  • 4. Then convert the fractional part. Multiply the number repeatedly by 2, until we get a fractional part that is equal to zero, keeping track of each integer part of the results.
  • 5. Construct the base 2 representation of the fractional part of the number, by taking all the integer parts of the multiplying operations, starting from the top of the list constructed above (they should appear in the binary representation, from left to right, in the order they have been calculated).
  • 6. Normalize the binary representation of the number, shifting the decimal mark (the decimal point) "n" positions either to the left, or to the right, so that only one non zero digit remains to the left of the decimal mark.
  • 7. Adjust the exponent in 11 bit excess/bias notation and then convert it from decimal (base 10) to 11 bit binary, by using the same technique of repeatedly dividing by 2, as shown above:
    Exponent (adjusted) = Exponent (unadjusted) + 2(11-1) - 1
  • 8. Normalize mantissa, remove the leading (leftmost) bit, since it's allways '1' (and the decimal mark, if the case) and adjust its length to 52 bits, either by removing the excess bits from the right (losing precision...) or by adding extra bits set on '0' to the right.
  • 9. Sign (it takes 1 bit) is either 1 for a negative or 0 for a positive number.

Example: convert the negative number -31.640 215 from the decimal system (base ten) to 64 bit double precision IEEE 754 binary floating point:

  • 1. Start with the positive version of the number:

    |-31.640 215| = 31.640 215

  • 2. First convert the integer part, 31. Divide it repeatedly by 2, keeping track of each remainder, until we get a quotient that is equal to zero:
    • division = quotient + remainder;
    • 31 ÷ 2 = 15 + 1;
    • 15 ÷ 2 = 7 + 1;
    • 7 ÷ 2 = 3 + 1;
    • 3 ÷ 2 = 1 + 1;
    • 1 ÷ 2 = 0 + 1;
    • We have encountered a quotient that is ZERO => FULL STOP
  • 3. Construct the base 2 representation of the integer part of the number by taking all the remainders of the previous dividing operations, starting from the bottom of the list constructed above:

    31(10) = 1 1111(2)

  • 4. Then, convert the fractional part, 0.640 215. Multiply repeatedly by 2, keeping track of each integer part of the results, until we get a fractional part that is equal to zero:
    • #) multiplying = integer + fractional part;
    • 1) 0.640 215 × 2 = 1 + 0.280 43;
    • 2) 0.280 43 × 2 = 0 + 0.560 86;
    • 3) 0.560 86 × 2 = 1 + 0.121 72;
    • 4) 0.121 72 × 2 = 0 + 0.243 44;
    • 5) 0.243 44 × 2 = 0 + 0.486 88;
    • 6) 0.486 88 × 2 = 0 + 0.973 76;
    • 7) 0.973 76 × 2 = 1 + 0.947 52;
    • 8) 0.947 52 × 2 = 1 + 0.895 04;
    • 9) 0.895 04 × 2 = 1 + 0.790 08;
    • 10) 0.790 08 × 2 = 1 + 0.580 16;
    • 11) 0.580 16 × 2 = 1 + 0.160 32;
    • 12) 0.160 32 × 2 = 0 + 0.320 64;
    • 13) 0.320 64 × 2 = 0 + 0.641 28;
    • 14) 0.641 28 × 2 = 1 + 0.282 56;
    • 15) 0.282 56 × 2 = 0 + 0.565 12;
    • 16) 0.565 12 × 2 = 1 + 0.130 24;
    • 17) 0.130 24 × 2 = 0 + 0.260 48;
    • 18) 0.260 48 × 2 = 0 + 0.520 96;
    • 19) 0.520 96 × 2 = 1 + 0.041 92;
    • 20) 0.041 92 × 2 = 0 + 0.083 84;
    • 21) 0.083 84 × 2 = 0 + 0.167 68;
    • 22) 0.167 68 × 2 = 0 + 0.335 36;
    • 23) 0.335 36 × 2 = 0 + 0.670 72;
    • 24) 0.670 72 × 2 = 1 + 0.341 44;
    • 25) 0.341 44 × 2 = 0 + 0.682 88;
    • 26) 0.682 88 × 2 = 1 + 0.365 76;
    • 27) 0.365 76 × 2 = 0 + 0.731 52;
    • 28) 0.731 52 × 2 = 1 + 0.463 04;
    • 29) 0.463 04 × 2 = 0 + 0.926 08;
    • 30) 0.926 08 × 2 = 1 + 0.852 16;
    • 31) 0.852 16 × 2 = 1 + 0.704 32;
    • 32) 0.704 32 × 2 = 1 + 0.408 64;
    • 33) 0.408 64 × 2 = 0 + 0.817 28;
    • 34) 0.817 28 × 2 = 1 + 0.634 56;
    • 35) 0.634 56 × 2 = 1 + 0.269 12;
    • 36) 0.269 12 × 2 = 0 + 0.538 24;
    • 37) 0.538 24 × 2 = 1 + 0.076 48;
    • 38) 0.076 48 × 2 = 0 + 0.152 96;
    • 39) 0.152 96 × 2 = 0 + 0.305 92;
    • 40) 0.305 92 × 2 = 0 + 0.611 84;
    • 41) 0.611 84 × 2 = 1 + 0.223 68;
    • 42) 0.223 68 × 2 = 0 + 0.447 36;
    • 43) 0.447 36 × 2 = 0 + 0.894 72;
    • 44) 0.894 72 × 2 = 1 + 0.789 44;
    • 45) 0.789 44 × 2 = 1 + 0.578 88;
    • 46) 0.578 88 × 2 = 1 + 0.157 76;
    • 47) 0.157 76 × 2 = 0 + 0.315 52;
    • 48) 0.315 52 × 2 = 0 + 0.631 04;
    • 49) 0.631 04 × 2 = 1 + 0.262 08;
    • 50) 0.262 08 × 2 = 0 + 0.524 16;
    • 51) 0.524 16 × 2 = 1 + 0.048 32;
    • 52) 0.048 32 × 2 = 0 + 0.096 64;
    • 53) 0.096 64 × 2 = 0 + 0.193 28;
    • We didn't get any fractional part that was equal to zero. But we had enough iterations (over Mantissa limit = 52) and at least one integer part that was different from zero => FULL STOP (losing precision...).
  • 5. Construct the base 2 representation of the fractional part of the number, by taking all the integer parts of the previous multiplying operations, starting from the top of the constructed list above:

    0.640 215(10) = 0.1010 0011 1110 0101 0010 0001 0101 0111 0110 1000 1001 1100 1010 0(2)

  • 6. Summarizing - the positive number before normalization:

    31.640 215(10) = 1 1111.1010 0011 1110 0101 0010 0001 0101 0111 0110 1000 1001 1100 1010 0(2)

  • 7. Normalize the binary representation of the number, shifting the decimal mark 4 positions to the left so that only one non-zero digit stays to the left of the decimal mark:

    31.640 215(10) =
    1 1111.1010 0011 1110 0101 0010 0001 0101 0111 0110 1000 1001 1100 1010 0(2) =
    1 1111.1010 0011 1110 0101 0010 0001 0101 0111 0110 1000 1001 1100 1010 0(2) × 20 =
    1.1111 1010 0011 1110 0101 0010 0001 0101 0111 0110 1000 1001 1100 1010 0(2) × 24

  • 8. Up to this moment, there are the following elements that would feed into the 64 bit double precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation:

    Sign: 1 (a negative number)

    Exponent (unadjusted): 4

    Mantissa (not-normalized): 1.1111 1010 0011 1110 0101 0010 0001 0101 0111 0110 1000 1001 1100 1010 0

  • 9. Adjust the exponent in 11 bit excess/bias notation and then convert it from decimal (base 10) to 11 bit binary (base 2), by using the same technique of repeatedly dividing it by 2, as shown above:

    Exponent (adjusted) = Exponent (unadjusted) + 2(11-1) - 1 = (4 + 1023)(10) = 1027(10) =
    100 0000 0011(2)

  • 10. Normalize mantissa, remove the leading (leftmost) bit, since it's allways '1' (and the decimal sign) and adjust its length to 52 bits, by removing the excess bits, from the right (losing precision...):

    Mantissa (not-normalized): 1.1111 1010 0011 1110 0101 0010 0001 0101 0111 0110 1000 1001 1100 1010 0

    Mantissa (normalized): 1111 1010 0011 1110 0101 0010 0001 0101 0111 0110 1000 1001 1100

  • Conclusion:

    Sign (1 bit) = 1 (a negative number)

    Exponent (8 bits) = 100 0000 0011

    Mantissa (52 bits) = 1111 1010 0011 1110 0101 0010 0001 0101 0111 0110 1000 1001 1100

  • Number -31.640 215, converted from decimal system (base 10) to 64 bit double precision IEEE 754 binary floating point =
    1 - 100 0000 0011 - 1111 1010 0011 1110 0101 0010 0001 0101 0111 0110 1000 1001 1100