Convert 65 053 679 434 to a Signed Binary in Two's (2's) Complement Representation

How to convert decimal number 65 053 679 434(10) to a signed binary in two's (2's) complement representation

What are the steps to convert decimal number
65 053 679 434 to a signed binary in two's (2's) complement representation?

  • A signed integer, written in base ten, or a decimal system number, is a number written using the digits 0 through 9 and the sign, which can be positive (+) or negative (-). If positive, the sign is usually not written. A number written in base two, or binary, is a number written using only the digits 0 and 1.

1. Divide the number repeatedly by 2:

Keep track of each remainder.

We stop when we get a quotient that is equal to zero.


  • division = quotient + remainder;
  • 65 053 679 434 ÷ 2 = 32 526 839 717 + 0;
  • 32 526 839 717 ÷ 2 = 16 263 419 858 + 1;
  • 16 263 419 858 ÷ 2 = 8 131 709 929 + 0;
  • 8 131 709 929 ÷ 2 = 4 065 854 964 + 1;
  • 4 065 854 964 ÷ 2 = 2 032 927 482 + 0;
  • 2 032 927 482 ÷ 2 = 1 016 463 741 + 0;
  • 1 016 463 741 ÷ 2 = 508 231 870 + 1;
  • 508 231 870 ÷ 2 = 254 115 935 + 0;
  • 254 115 935 ÷ 2 = 127 057 967 + 1;
  • 127 057 967 ÷ 2 = 63 528 983 + 1;
  • 63 528 983 ÷ 2 = 31 764 491 + 1;
  • 31 764 491 ÷ 2 = 15 882 245 + 1;
  • 15 882 245 ÷ 2 = 7 941 122 + 1;
  • 7 941 122 ÷ 2 = 3 970 561 + 0;
  • 3 970 561 ÷ 2 = 1 985 280 + 1;
  • 1 985 280 ÷ 2 = 992 640 + 0;
  • 992 640 ÷ 2 = 496 320 + 0;
  • 496 320 ÷ 2 = 248 160 + 0;
  • 248 160 ÷ 2 = 124 080 + 0;
  • 124 080 ÷ 2 = 62 040 + 0;
  • 62 040 ÷ 2 = 31 020 + 0;
  • 31 020 ÷ 2 = 15 510 + 0;
  • 15 510 ÷ 2 = 7 755 + 0;
  • 7 755 ÷ 2 = 3 877 + 1;
  • 3 877 ÷ 2 = 1 938 + 1;
  • 1 938 ÷ 2 = 969 + 0;
  • 969 ÷ 2 = 484 + 1;
  • 484 ÷ 2 = 242 + 0;
  • 242 ÷ 2 = 121 + 0;
  • 121 ÷ 2 = 60 + 1;
  • 60 ÷ 2 = 30 + 0;
  • 30 ÷ 2 = 15 + 0;
  • 15 ÷ 2 = 7 + 1;
  • 7 ÷ 2 = 3 + 1;
  • 3 ÷ 2 = 1 + 1;
  • 1 ÷ 2 = 0 + 1;

2. Construct the base 2 representation of the positive number:

Take all the remainders starting from the bottom of the list constructed above.

65 053 679 434(10) = 1111 0010 0101 1000 0000 0101 1111 0100 1010(2)

3. Determine the signed binary number bit length:

  • The base 2 number's actual length, in bits: 36.

  • A signed binary's bit length must be equal to a power of 2, as of:
  • 21 = 2; 22 = 4; 23 = 8; 24 = 16; 25 = 32; 26 = 64; ...
  • The first bit (the leftmost) indicates the sign:
  • 0 = positive integer number, 1 = negative integer number

The least number that is:

1) a power of 2

2) and is larger than the actual length, 36,

3) so that the first bit (leftmost) could be zero
(we deal with a positive number at this moment)

=== is: 64.


4. Get the positive binary computer representation on 64 bits (8 Bytes):

If needed, add extra 0s in front (to the left) of the base 2 number, up to the required length, 64.


Decimal Number 65 053 679 434(10) converted to signed binary in two's complement representation:

65 053 679 434(10) = 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1111 0010 0101 1000 0000 0101 1111 0100 1010

Spaces were used to group digits: for binary, by 4, for decimal, by 3.

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How to convert signed integers from decimal system to signed binary in two's complement representation

Follow the steps below to convert a signed base 10 integer number to signed binary in two's complement representation:

  • 1. If the number to be converted is negative, start with the positive version of the number.
  • 2. Divide repeatedly by 2 the positive representation of the integer number, keeping track of each remainder, until we get a quotient that is zero.
  • 3. Construct the base 2 representation of the positive number, by taking all the remainders starting from the bottom of the list constructed above. Thus, the last remainder of the divisions becomes the first symbol (the leftmost) of the base two number, while the first remainder becomes the last symbol (the rightmost).
  • 4. Binary numbers represented in computer language must have 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, ... bit length (a power of 2) - if needed, add extra bits on 0 in front (to the left) of the base 2 number above, up to the required length, so that the first bit (the leftmost) will be 0, correctly representing a positive number.
  • 5. To get the negative integer number representation in signed binary one's complement, replace all 0 bits with 1s and all 1 bits with 0s (reversing the digits).
  • 6. To get the negative integer number, in signed binary two's complement representation, add 1 to the number above.

Example: convert the negative number -60 from the decimal system (base ten) to signed binary in two's complement:

  • 1. Start with the positive version of the number: |-60| = 60
  • 2. Divide repeatedly 60 by 2, keeping track of each remainder:
    • division = quotient + remainder
    • 60 ÷ 2 = 30 + 0
    • 30 ÷ 2 = 15 + 0
    • 15 ÷ 2 = 7 + 1
    • 7 ÷ 2 = 3 + 1
    • 3 ÷ 2 = 1 + 1
    • 1 ÷ 2 = 0 + 1
  • 3. Construct the base 2 representation of the positive number, by taking all the remainders starting from the bottom of the list constructed above:
    60(10) = 11 1100(2)
  • 4. Bit length of base 2 representation number is 6, so the positive binary computer representation of a signed binary will take in this particular case 8 bits (the least power of 2 larger than 6) - add extra 0 digits in front of the base 2 number, up to the required length:
    60(10) = 0011 1100(2)
  • 5. To get the negative integer number representation in signed binary one's complement, replace all the 0 bits with 1s and all 1 bits with 0s (reversing the digits):
    !(0011 1100) = 1100 0011
  • 6. To get the negative integer number, signed binary in two's complement representation, add 1 to the number above:
    -60(10) = 1100 0011 + 1 = 1100 0100
  • Number -60(10), signed integer, converted from decimal system (base 10) to signed binary two's complement representation = 1100 0100