Convert -2 102 132 949 to a Signed Binary in One's (1's) Complement Representation

How to convert decimal number -2 102 132 949(10) to a signed binary in one's (1's) complement representation

What are the steps to convert decimal number
-2 102 132 949 to a signed binary in one's (1's) complement representation?

  • A signed integer, written in base ten, or a decimal system number, is a number written using the digits 0 through 9 and the sign, which can be positive (+) or negative (-). If positive, the sign is usually not written. A number written in base two, or binary, is a number written using only the digits 0 and 1.

1. Start with the positive version of the number:

|-2 102 132 949| = 2 102 132 949

2. Divide the number repeatedly by 2:

Keep track of each remainder.

Stop when you get a quotient that is equal to zero.


  • division = quotient + remainder;
  • 2 102 132 949 ÷ 2 = 1 051 066 474 + 1;
  • 1 051 066 474 ÷ 2 = 525 533 237 + 0;
  • 525 533 237 ÷ 2 = 262 766 618 + 1;
  • 262 766 618 ÷ 2 = 131 383 309 + 0;
  • 131 383 309 ÷ 2 = 65 691 654 + 1;
  • 65 691 654 ÷ 2 = 32 845 827 + 0;
  • 32 845 827 ÷ 2 = 16 422 913 + 1;
  • 16 422 913 ÷ 2 = 8 211 456 + 1;
  • 8 211 456 ÷ 2 = 4 105 728 + 0;
  • 4 105 728 ÷ 2 = 2 052 864 + 0;
  • 2 052 864 ÷ 2 = 1 026 432 + 0;
  • 1 026 432 ÷ 2 = 513 216 + 0;
  • 513 216 ÷ 2 = 256 608 + 0;
  • 256 608 ÷ 2 = 128 304 + 0;
  • 128 304 ÷ 2 = 64 152 + 0;
  • 64 152 ÷ 2 = 32 076 + 0;
  • 32 076 ÷ 2 = 16 038 + 0;
  • 16 038 ÷ 2 = 8 019 + 0;
  • 8 019 ÷ 2 = 4 009 + 1;
  • 4 009 ÷ 2 = 2 004 + 1;
  • 2 004 ÷ 2 = 1 002 + 0;
  • 1 002 ÷ 2 = 501 + 0;
  • 501 ÷ 2 = 250 + 1;
  • 250 ÷ 2 = 125 + 0;
  • 125 ÷ 2 = 62 + 1;
  • 62 ÷ 2 = 31 + 0;
  • 31 ÷ 2 = 15 + 1;
  • 15 ÷ 2 = 7 + 1;
  • 7 ÷ 2 = 3 + 1;
  • 3 ÷ 2 = 1 + 1;
  • 1 ÷ 2 = 0 + 1;

3. Construct the base 2 representation of the positive number:

Take all the remainders starting from the bottom of the list constructed above.

2 102 132 949(10) = 111 1101 0100 1100 0000 0000 1101 0101(2)

4. Determine the signed binary number bit length:

  • The base 2 number's actual length, in bits: 31.

  • A signed binary's bit length must be equal to a power of 2, as of:
  • 21 = 2; 22 = 4; 23 = 8; 24 = 16; 25 = 32; 26 = 64; ...
  • The first bit (the leftmost) indicates the sign:
  • 0 = positive integer number, 1 = negative integer number

The least number that is:

1) a power of 2

2) and is larger than the actual length, 31,

3) so that the first bit (leftmost) could be zero
(we deal with a positive number at this moment)

=== is: 32.


5. Get the positive binary computer representation on 32 bits (4 Bytes):

If needed, add extra 0s in front (to the left) of the base 2 number, up to the required length, 32.


2 102 132 949(10) = 0111 1101 0100 1100 0000 0000 1101 0101

6. Get the negative integer number representation:

  • To write the negative integer number on 32 bits (4 Bytes), as a signed binary in one's complement representation,

  • ... Reverse all the bits from 0 to 1 and from 1 to 0 (flip the digits).


-2 102 132 949(10) = !(0111 1101 0100 1100 0000 0000 1101 0101)


Decimal Number -2 102 132 949(10) converted to signed binary in one's complement representation:

-2 102 132 949(10) = 1000 0010 1011 0011 1111 1111 0010 1010

Spaces were used to group digits: for binary, by 4, for decimal, by 3.

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How to convert signed integers from the decimal system to signed binary in one's complement representation

Follow the steps below to convert a signed base 10 integer number to signed binary in one's complement representation:

  • 1. If the number to be converted is negative, start with the positive version of the number.
  • 2. Divide repeatedly by 2 the positive representation of the integer number that is to be converted to binary, keeping track of each remainder, until we get a quotient that is equal to ZERO.
  • 3. Construct the base 2 representation of the positive number, by taking all the remainders starting from the bottom of the list constructed above. Thus, the last remainder of the divisions becomes the first symbol (the leftmost) of the base two number, while the first remainder becomes the last symbol (the rightmost).
  • 4. Binary numbers represented in computer language must have 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, ... bit length (a power of 2) - if needed, fill in '0' bits in front (to the left) of the base 2 number calculated above, up to the right length; this way the first bit (leftmost) will always be '0', correctly representing a positive number.
  • 5. To get the negative integer number representation in signed binary one's complement, replace all '0' bits with '1's and all '1' bits with '0's.

Example: convert the negative number -49 from the decimal system (base ten) to signed binary one's complement:

  • 1. Start with the positive version of the number: |-49| = 49
  • 2. Divide repeatedly 49 by 2, keeping track of each remainder:
    • division = quotient + remainder
    • 49 ÷ 2 = 24 + 1
    • 24 ÷ 2 = 12 + 0
    • 12 ÷ 2 = 6 + 0
    • 6 ÷ 2 = 3 + 0
    • 3 ÷ 2 = 1 + 1
    • 1 ÷ 2 = 0 + 1
  • 3. Construct the base 2 representation of the positive number, by taking all the remainders starting from the bottom of the list constructed above:
    49(10) = 11 0001(2)
  • 4. The actual bit length of base 2 representation is 6, so the positive binary computer representation of a signed binary will take in this case 8 bits (the least power of 2 that is larger than 6) - add '0's in front of the base 2 number, up to the required length:
    49(10) = 0011 0001(2)
  • 5. To get the negative integer number representation in signed binary one's complement, replace all '0' bits with '1's and all '1' bits with '0's:
    -49(10) = 1100 1110
  • Number -49(10), signed integer, converted from the decimal system (base 10) to signed binary in one's complement representation = 1100 1110