2. Multiply each bit by its corresponding power of 2 and add all the terms up.
101 0010 1111 1001 1001 0101 0011 0111 0110 1001 1101 1111 1001 0010(2) =
(1 × 254 + 0 × 253 + 1 × 252 + 0 × 251 + 0 × 250 + 1 × 249 + 0 × 248 + 1 × 247 + 1 × 246 + 1 × 245 + 1 × 244 + 1 × 243 + 0 × 242 + 0 × 241 + 1 × 240 + 1 × 239 + 0 × 238 + 0 × 237 + 1 × 236 + 0 × 235 + 1 × 234 + 0 × 233 + 1 × 232 + 0 × 231 + 0 × 230 + 1 × 229 + 1 × 228 + 0 × 227 + 1 × 226 + 1 × 225 + 1 × 224 + 0 × 223 + 1 × 222 + 1 × 221 + 0 × 220 + 1 × 219 + 0 × 218 + 0 × 217 + 1 × 216 + 1 × 215 + 1 × 214 + 0 × 213 + 1 × 212 + 1 × 211 + 1 × 210 + 1 × 29 + 1 × 28 + 1 × 27 + 0 × 26 + 0 × 25 + 1 × 24 + 0 × 23 + 0 × 22 + 1 × 21 + 0 × 20)(10) =
(18 014 398 509 481 984 + 0 + 4 503 599 627 370 496 + 0 + 0 + 562 949 953 421 312 + 0 + 140 737 488 355 328 + 70 368 744 177 664 + 35 184 372 088 832 + 17 592 186 044 416 + 8 796 093 022 208 + 0 + 0 + 1 099 511 627 776 + 549 755 813 888 + 0 + 0 + 68 719 476 736 + 0 + 17 179 869 184 + 0 + 4 294 967 296 + 0 + 0 + 536 870 912 + 268 435 456 + 0 + 67 108 864 + 33 554 432 + 16 777 216 + 0 + 4 194 304 + 2 097 152 + 0 + 524 288 + 0 + 0 + 65 536 + 32 768 + 16 384 + 0 + 4 096 + 2 048 + 1 024 + 512 + 256 + 128 + 0 + 0 + 16 + 0 + 0 + 2 + 0)(10) =
(18 014 398 509 481 984 + 4 503 599 627 370 496 + 562 949 953 421 312 + 140 737 488 355 328 + 70 368 744 177 664 + 35 184 372 088 832 + 17 592 186 044 416 + 8 796 093 022 208 + 1 099 511 627 776 + 549 755 813 888 + 68 719 476 736 + 17 179 869 184 + 4 294 967 296 + 536 870 912 + 268 435 456 + 67 108 864 + 33 554 432 + 16 777 216 + 4 194 304 + 2 097 152 + 524 288 + 65 536 + 32 768 + 16 384 + 4 096 + 2 048 + 1 024 + 512 + 256 + 128 + 16 + 2)(10) =
23 355 367 365 402 514(10)
The number 101 0010 1111 1001 1001 0101 0011 0111 0110 1001 1101 1111 1001 0010(2) converted from an unsigned binary (in base 2) and written as a positive integer (with no sign) in decimal system (in base ten):
101 0010 1111 1001 1001 0101 0011 0111 0110 1001 1101 1111 1001 0010(2) = 23 355 367 365 402 514(10)
Spaces were used to group digits: for binary, by 4, for decimal, by 3.