What are the steps to convert the base 2 signed binary number
1001 0000 0001 1011 0110 0001 1111 0100 1110 0101 1001 0011 1001 0100 0010 0011(2) to a base 10 decimal system equivalent integer?
1. Is this a positive or a negative number?
1001 0000 0001 1011 0110 0001 1111 0100 1110 0101 1001 0011 1001 0100 0010 0011 is the binary representation of a negative integer, on 64 bits (8 Bytes).
- In a signed binary, the first bit (the leftmost) is reserved for the sign, 1 = negative, 0 = positive. This bit does not count when calculating the absolute value.
2. Construct the unsigned binary number.
Exclude the first bit (the leftmost), that is reserved for the sign:
1001 0000 0001 1011 0110 0001 1111 0100 1110 0101 1001 0011 1001 0100 0010 0011 = 001 0000 0001 1011 0110 0001 1111 0100 1110 0101 1001 0011 1001 0100 0010 0011
3. Map the unsigned binary number's digits versus the corresponding powers of 2 that their place value represent:
262
0 261
0 260
1 259
0 258
0 257
0 256
0 255
0 254
0 253
0 252
1 251
1 250
0 249
1 248
1 247
0 246
1 245
1 244
0 243
0 242
0 241
0 240
1 239
1 238
1 237
1 236
1 235
0 234
1 233
0 232
0 231
1 230
1 229
1 228
0 227
0 226
1 225
0 224
1 223
1 222
0 221
0 220
1 219
0 218
0 217
1 216
1 215
1 214
0 213
0 212
1 211
0 210
1 29
0 28
0 27
0 26
0 25
1 24
0 23
0 22
0 21
1 20
1
4. Multiply each bit by its corresponding power of 2 and add all the terms up.
001 0000 0001 1011 0110 0001 1111 0100 1110 0101 1001 0011 1001 0100 0010 0011(2) =
(0 × 262 + 0 × 261 + 1 × 260 + 0 × 259 + 0 × 258 + 0 × 257 + 0 × 256 + 0 × 255 + 0 × 254 + 0 × 253 + 1 × 252 + 1 × 251 + 0 × 250 + 1 × 249 + 1 × 248 + 0 × 247 + 1 × 246 + 1 × 245 + 0 × 244 + 0 × 243 + 0 × 242 + 0 × 241 + 1 × 240 + 1 × 239 + 1 × 238 + 1 × 237 + 1 × 236 + 0 × 235 + 1 × 234 + 0 × 233 + 0 × 232 + 1 × 231 + 1 × 230 + 1 × 229 + 0 × 228 + 0 × 227 + 1 × 226 + 0 × 225 + 1 × 224 + 1 × 223 + 0 × 222 + 0 × 221 + 1 × 220 + 0 × 219 + 0 × 218 + 1 × 217 + 1 × 216 + 1 × 215 + 0 × 214 + 0 × 213 + 1 × 212 + 0 × 211 + 1 × 210 + 0 × 29 + 0 × 28 + 0 × 27 + 0 × 26 + 1 × 25 + 0 × 24 + 0 × 23 + 0 × 22 + 1 × 21 + 1 × 20)(10) =
(0 + 0 + 1 152 921 504 606 846 976 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 4 503 599 627 370 496 + 2 251 799 813 685 248 + 0 + 562 949 953 421 312 + 281 474 976 710 656 + 0 + 70 368 744 177 664 + 35 184 372 088 832 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 1 099 511 627 776 + 549 755 813 888 + 274 877 906 944 + 137 438 953 472 + 68 719 476 736 + 0 + 17 179 869 184 + 0 + 0 + 2 147 483 648 + 1 073 741 824 + 536 870 912 + 0 + 0 + 67 108 864 + 0 + 16 777 216 + 8 388 608 + 0 + 0 + 1 048 576 + 0 + 0 + 131 072 + 65 536 + 32 768 + 0 + 0 + 4 096 + 0 + 1 024 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 32 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 2 + 1)(10) =
(1 152 921 504 606 846 976 + 4 503 599 627 370 496 + 2 251 799 813 685 248 + 562 949 953 421 312 + 281 474 976 710 656 + 70 368 744 177 664 + 35 184 372 088 832 + 1 099 511 627 776 + 549 755 813 888 + 274 877 906 944 + 137 438 953 472 + 68 719 476 736 + 17 179 869 184 + 2 147 483 648 + 1 073 741 824 + 536 870 912 + 67 108 864 + 16 777 216 + 8 388 608 + 1 048 576 + 131 072 + 65 536 + 32 768 + 4 096 + 1 024 + 32 + 2 + 1)(10) =
1 160 629 033 429 603 363(10)
5. If needed, adjust the sign of the integer number by the first digit (leftmost) of the signed binary:
1001 0000 0001 1011 0110 0001 1111 0100 1110 0101 1001 0011 1001 0100 0010 0011(2) = -1 160 629 033 429 603 363(10)
1001 0000 0001 1011 0110 0001 1111 0100 1110 0101 1001 0011 1001 0100 0010 0011(2), Base 2 signed binary number, converted and written as a base 10 decimal system equivalent integer:
1001 0000 0001 1011 0110 0001 1111 0100 1110 0101 1001 0011 1001 0100 0010 0011(2) = -1 160 629 033 429 603 363(10)
Spaces were used to group digits: for binary, by 4, for decimal, by 3.