What are the steps to convert
1 - 110 0010 1100 - 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000, a 64 bit double precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation standard to decimal?
1. Identify the elements that make up the binary representation of the number:
The first bit (the leftmost) indicates the sign,
1 = negative, 0 = positive.
1
The next 11 bits contain the exponent:
110 0010 1100
The last 52 bits contain the mantissa:
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
2. Convert the exponent from binary (from base 2) to decimal (in base 10).
The exponent is allways a positive integer.
110 0010 1100(2) =
1 × 210 + 1 × 29 + 0 × 28 + 0 × 27 + 0 × 26 + 1 × 25 + 0 × 24 + 1 × 23 + 1 × 22 + 0 × 21 + 0 × 20 =
1,024 + 512 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 32 + 0 + 8 + 4 + 0 + 0 =
1,024 + 512 + 32 + 8 + 4 =
1,580(10)
3. Adjust the exponent.
Subtract the excess bits: 2(11 - 1) - 1 = 1023,
that is due to the 11 bit excess/bias notation.
The exponent, adjusted = 1,580 - 1023 = 557
4. Convert the mantissa from binary (from base 2) to decimal (in base 10).
The mantissa represents the fractional part of the number (what comes after the whole part of the number, separated from it by a comma).
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000(2) =
0 × 2-1 + 0 × 2-2 + 0 × 2-3 + 0 × 2-4 + 0 × 2-5 + 0 × 2-6 + 0 × 2-7 + 0 × 2-8 + 0 × 2-9 + 0 × 2-10 + 0 × 2-11 + 0 × 2-12 + 0 × 2-13 + 0 × 2-14 + 0 × 2-15 + 0 × 2-16 + 0 × 2-17 + 0 × 2-18 + 0 × 2-19 + 0 × 2-20 + 0 × 2-21 + 0 × 2-22 + 0 × 2-23 + 0 × 2-24 + 0 × 2-25 + 0 × 2-26 + 0 × 2-27 + 0 × 2-28 + 0 × 2-29 + 0 × 2-30 + 0 × 2-31 + 0 × 2-32 + 0 × 2-33 + 0 × 2-34 + 0 × 2-35 + 0 × 2-36 + 0 × 2-37 + 0 × 2-38 + 0 × 2-39 + 0 × 2-40 + 0 × 2-41 + 0 × 2-42 + 0 × 2-43 + 0 × 2-44 + 0 × 2-45 + 0 × 2-46 + 0 × 2-47 + 0 × 2-48 + 0 × 2-49 + 0 × 2-50 + 0 × 2-51 + 0 × 2-52 =
0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 =
0(10)
= -471 745 303 102 692 669 030 194 322 623 533 611 364 615 152 552 055 053 547 025 787 530 703 020 299 018 606 510 765 840 647 207 345 942 683 546 878 845 480 612 471 323 078 740 599 079 070 179 281 429 087 005 456 174 415 872
1 - 110 0010 1100 - 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000, a 64 bit double precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation standard to a decimal number, written in base ten (double) = -471 745 303 102 692 669 030 194 322 623 533 611 364 615 152 552 055 053 547 025 787 530 703 020 299 018 606 510 765 840 647 207 345 942 683 546 878 845 480 612 471 323 078 740 599 079 070 179 281 429 087 005 456 174 415 872(10)
Spaces were used to group digits: for binary, by 4, for decimal, by 3.