What are the steps to convert
1 - 100 0000 0100 - 0000 0110 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0001 0000, a 64 bit double precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation standard to decimal?
1. Identify the elements that make up the binary representation of the number:
The first bit (the leftmost) indicates the sign,
1 = negative, 0 = positive.
1
The next 11 bits contain the exponent:
100 0000 0100
The last 52 bits contain the mantissa:
0000 0110 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0001 0000
2. Convert the exponent from binary (from base 2) to decimal (in base 10).
The exponent is allways a positive integer.
100 0000 0100(2) =
1 × 210 + 0 × 29 + 0 × 28 + 0 × 27 + 0 × 26 + 0 × 25 + 0 × 24 + 0 × 23 + 1 × 22 + 0 × 21 + 0 × 20 =
1,024 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 4 + 0 + 0 =
1,024 + 4 =
1,028(10)
3. Adjust the exponent.
Subtract the excess bits: 2(11 - 1) - 1 = 1023,
that is due to the 11 bit excess/bias notation.
The exponent, adjusted = 1,028 - 1023 = 5
4. Convert the mantissa from binary (from base 2) to decimal (in base 10).
The mantissa represents the fractional part of the number (what comes after the whole part of the number, separated from it by a comma).
0000 0110 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0001 0000(2) =
0 × 2-1 + 0 × 2-2 + 0 × 2-3 + 0 × 2-4 + 0 × 2-5 + 1 × 2-6 + 1 × 2-7 + 0 × 2-8 + 0 × 2-9 + 0 × 2-10 + 0 × 2-11 + 0 × 2-12 + 0 × 2-13 + 0 × 2-14 + 0 × 2-15 + 0 × 2-16 + 0 × 2-17 + 0 × 2-18 + 0 × 2-19 + 0 × 2-20 + 0 × 2-21 + 0 × 2-22 + 0 × 2-23 + 0 × 2-24 + 0 × 2-25 + 0 × 2-26 + 0 × 2-27 + 0 × 2-28 + 0 × 2-29 + 0 × 2-30 + 0 × 2-31 + 0 × 2-32 + 0 × 2-33 + 0 × 2-34 + 0 × 2-35 + 0 × 2-36 + 0 × 2-37 + 0 × 2-38 + 0 × 2-39 + 0 × 2-40 + 0 × 2-41 + 0 × 2-42 + 0 × 2-43 + 0 × 2-44 + 0 × 2-45 + 0 × 2-46 + 0 × 2-47 + 1 × 2-48 + 0 × 2-49 + 0 × 2-50 + 0 × 2-51 + 0 × 2-52 =
0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0.015 625 + 0.007 812 5 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0.000 000 000 000 003 552 713 678 800 500 929 355 621 337 890 625 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 =
0.015 625 + 0.007 812 5 + 0.000 000 000 000 003 552 713 678 800 500 929 355 621 337 890 625 =
0.023 437 500 000 003 552 713 678 800 500 929 355 621 337 890 625(10)
= -32.750 000 000 000 113 686 837 721 616 029 739 379 882 812 5
1 - 100 0000 0100 - 0000 0110 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0001 0000, a 64 bit double precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation standard to a decimal number, written in base ten (double) = -32.750 000 000 000 113 686 837 721 616 029 739 379 882 812 5(10)
Spaces were used to group digits: for binary, by 4, for decimal, by 3.