1 - 100 0000 0001 - 1000 0000 0000 0000 0110 0000 0001 0110 0101 0010 0100 0010 0000 64 Bit Double Precision IEEE 754 Binary Floating Point Representation Standard Converted to Decimal
1 - 100 0000 0001 - 1000 0000 0000 0000 0110 0000 0001 0110 0101 0010 0100 0010 0000: 64 bit double precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation standard converted to decimal
What are the steps to convert
1 - 100 0000 0001 - 1000 0000 0000 0000 0110 0000 0001 0110 0101 0010 0100 0010 0000, a 64 bit double precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation standard to decimal?
1. Identify the elements that make up the binary representation of the number:
The first bit (the leftmost) indicates the sign,
1 = negative, 0 = positive.
1
The next 11 bits contain the exponent:
100 0000 0001
The last 52 bits contain the mantissa:
1000 0000 0000 0000 0110 0000 0001 0110 0101 0010 0100 0010 0000
2. Convert the exponent from binary (from base 2) to decimal (in base 10).
The exponent is allways a positive integer.
100 0000 0001(2) =
1 × 210 + 0 × 29 + 0 × 28 + 0 × 27 + 0 × 26 + 0 × 25 + 0 × 24 + 0 × 23 + 0 × 22 + 0 × 21 + 1 × 20 =
1,024 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 1 =
1,024 + 1 =
1,025(10)
3. Adjust the exponent.
Subtract the excess bits: 2(11 - 1) - 1 = 1023,
that is due to the 11 bit excess/bias notation.
The exponent, adjusted = 1,025 - 1023 = 2
4. Convert the mantissa from binary (from base 2) to decimal (in base 10).
The mantissa represents the fractional part of the number (what comes after the whole part of the number, separated from it by a comma).
1000 0000 0000 0000 0110 0000 0001 0110 0101 0010 0100 0010 0000(2) =
1 × 2-1 + 0 × 2-2 + 0 × 2-3 + 0 × 2-4 + 0 × 2-5 + 0 × 2-6 + 0 × 2-7 + 0 × 2-8 + 0 × 2-9 + 0 × 2-10 + 0 × 2-11 + 0 × 2-12 + 0 × 2-13 + 0 × 2-14 + 0 × 2-15 + 0 × 2-16 + 0 × 2-17 + 1 × 2-18 + 1 × 2-19 + 0 × 2-20 + 0 × 2-21 + 0 × 2-22 + 0 × 2-23 + 0 × 2-24 + 0 × 2-25 + 0 × 2-26 + 0 × 2-27 + 1 × 2-28 + 0 × 2-29 + 1 × 2-30 + 1 × 2-31 + 0 × 2-32 + 0 × 2-33 + 1 × 2-34 + 0 × 2-35 + 1 × 2-36 + 0 × 2-37 + 0 × 2-38 + 1 × 2-39 + 0 × 2-40 + 0 × 2-41 + 1 × 2-42 + 0 × 2-43 + 0 × 2-44 + 0 × 2-45 + 0 × 2-46 + 1 × 2-47 + 0 × 2-48 + 0 × 2-49 + 0 × 2-50 + 0 × 2-51 + 0 × 2-52 =
0.5 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0.000 003 814 697 265 625 + 0.000 001 907 348 632 812 5 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0.000 000 003 725 290 298 461 914 062 5 + 0 + 0.000 000 000 931 322 574 615 478 515 625 + 0.000 000 000 465 661 287 307 739 257 812 5 + 0 + 0 + 0.000 000 000 058 207 660 913 467 407 226 562 5 + 0 + 0.000 000 000 014 551 915 228 366 851 806 640 625 + 0 + 0 + 0.000 000 000 001 818 989 403 545 856 475 830 078 125 + 0 + 0 + 0.000 000 000 000 227 373 675 443 232 059 478 759 765 625 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0.000 000 000 000 007 105 427 357 601 001 858 711 242 675 781 25 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 =
0.5 + 0.000 003 814 697 265 625 + 0.000 001 907 348 632 812 5 + 0.000 000 003 725 290 298 461 914 062 5 + 0.000 000 000 931 322 574 615 478 515 625 + 0.000 000 000 465 661 287 307 739 257 812 5 + 0.000 000 000 058 207 660 913 467 407 226 562 5 + 0.000 000 000 014 551 915 228 366 851 806 640 625 + 0.000 000 000 001 818 989 403 545 856 475 830 078 125 + 0.000 000 000 000 227 373 675 443 232 059 478 759 765 625 + 0.000 000 000 000 007 105 427 357 601 001 858 711 242 675 781 25 =
0.500 005 727 242 985 642 533 312 784 507 870 674 133 300 781 25(10)
5. Put all the numbers into expression to calculate the double precision floating point decimal value:
(-1)Sign × (1 + Mantissa) × 2(Adjusted exponent) =
(-1)1 × (1 + 0.500 005 727 242 985 642 533 312 784 507 870 674 133 300 781 25) × 22 =
-1.500 005 727 242 985 642 533 312 784 507 870 674 133 300 781 25 × 22 = ...
= -6.000 022 908 971 942 570 133 251 138 031 482 696 533 203 125
1 - 100 0000 0001 - 1000 0000 0000 0000 0110 0000 0001 0110 0101 0010 0100 0010 0000, a 64 bit double precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation standard to a decimal number, written in base ten (double) = -6.000 022 908 971 942 570 133 251 138 031 482 696 533 203 125(10)
Spaces were used to group digits: for binary, by 4, for decimal, by 3.