What are the steps to convert
0 - 1110 1100 - 000 0000 0000 0000 0001 0001, a 32 bit single precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation standard to decimal?
1. Identify the elements that make up the binary representation of the number:
The first bit (the leftmost) indicates the sign,
1 = negative, 0 = positive.
0
The next 8 bits contain the exponent:
1110 1100
The last 23 bits contain the mantissa:
000 0000 0000 0000 0001 0001
2. Convert the exponent from binary (from base 2) to decimal (in base 10).
The exponent is allways a positive integer.
1110 1100(2) =
1 × 27 + 1 × 26 + 1 × 25 + 0 × 24 + 1 × 23 + 1 × 22 + 0 × 21 + 0 × 20 =
128 + 64 + 32 + 0 + 8 + 4 + 0 + 0 =
128 + 64 + 32 + 8 + 4 =
236(10)
3. Adjust the exponent.
Subtract the excess bits: 2(8 - 1) - 1 = 127,
that is due to the 8 bit excess/bias notation.
The exponent, adjusted = 236 - 127 = 109
4. Convert the mantissa from binary (from base 2) to decimal (in base 10).
The mantissa represents the fractional part of the number (what comes after the whole part of the number, separated from it by a comma).
000 0000 0000 0000 0001 0001(2) =
0 × 2-1 + 0 × 2-2 + 0 × 2-3 + 0 × 2-4 + 0 × 2-5 + 0 × 2-6 + 0 × 2-7 + 0 × 2-8 + 0 × 2-9 + 0 × 2-10 + 0 × 2-11 + 0 × 2-12 + 0 × 2-13 + 0 × 2-14 + 0 × 2-15 + 0 × 2-16 + 0 × 2-17 + 0 × 2-18 + 1 × 2-19 + 0 × 2-20 + 0 × 2-21 + 0 × 2-22 + 1 × 2-23 =
0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0.000 001 907 348 632 812 5 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0.000 000 119 209 289 550 781 25 =
0.000 001 907 348 632 812 5 + 0.000 000 119 209 289 550 781 25 =
0.000 002 026 557 922 363 281 25(10)
= 649 038 422 628 145 194 282 854 121 472 000
0 - 1110 1100 - 000 0000 0000 0000 0001 0001, a 32 bit single precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation standard to a decimal number, written in base ten (float) = 649 038 422 628 145 194 282 854 121 472 000(10)
Spaces were used to group digits: for binary, by 4, for decimal, by 3.