What are the steps to convert
1 - 1101 0000 - 011 1100 1110 0000 0000 1110, a 32 bit single precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation standard to decimal?
1. Identify the elements that make up the binary representation of the number:
The first bit (the leftmost) indicates the sign,
1 = negative, 0 = positive.
1
The next 8 bits contain the exponent:
1101 0000
The last 23 bits contain the mantissa:
011 1100 1110 0000 0000 1110
2. Convert the exponent from binary (from base 2) to decimal (in base 10).
The exponent is allways a positive integer.
1101 0000(2) =
1 × 27 + 1 × 26 + 0 × 25 + 1 × 24 + 0 × 23 + 0 × 22 + 0 × 21 + 0 × 20 =
128 + 64 + 0 + 16 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 =
128 + 64 + 16 =
208(10)
3. Adjust the exponent.
Subtract the excess bits: 2(8 - 1) - 1 = 127,
that is due to the 8 bit excess/bias notation.
The exponent, adjusted = 208 - 127 = 81
4. Convert the mantissa from binary (from base 2) to decimal (in base 10).
The mantissa represents the fractional part of the number (what comes after the whole part of the number, separated from it by a comma).
011 1100 1110 0000 0000 1110(2) =
0 × 2-1 + 1 × 2-2 + 1 × 2-3 + 1 × 2-4 + 1 × 2-5 + 0 × 2-6 + 0 × 2-7 + 1 × 2-8 + 1 × 2-9 + 1 × 2-10 + 0 × 2-11 + 0 × 2-12 + 0 × 2-13 + 0 × 2-14 + 0 × 2-15 + 0 × 2-16 + 0 × 2-17 + 0 × 2-18 + 0 × 2-19 + 1 × 2-20 + 1 × 2-21 + 1 × 2-22 + 0 × 2-23 =
0 + 0.25 + 0.125 + 0.062 5 + 0.031 25 + 0 + 0 + 0.003 906 25 + 0.001 953 125 + 0.000 976 562 5 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0.000 000 953 674 316 406 25 + 0.000 000 476 837 158 203 125 + 0.000 000 238 418 579 101 562 5 + 0 =
0.25 + 0.125 + 0.062 5 + 0.031 25 + 0.003 906 25 + 0.001 953 125 + 0.000 976 562 5 + 0.000 000 953 674 316 406 25 + 0.000 000 476 837 158 203 125 + 0.000 000 238 418 579 101 562 5 =
0.475 587 606 430 053 710 937 5(10)
= -3 567 751 913 033 283 082 911 744
1 - 1101 0000 - 011 1100 1110 0000 0000 1110, a 32 bit single precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation standard to a decimal number, written in base ten (float) = -3 567 751 913 033 283 082 911 744(10)
Spaces were used to group digits: for binary, by 4, for decimal, by 3.