What are the steps to convert
1 - 1100 0001 - 100 0000 1100 0001 1000 0011, a 32 bit single precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation standard to decimal?
1. Identify the elements that make up the binary representation of the number:
The first bit (the leftmost) indicates the sign,
1 = negative, 0 = positive.
1
The next 8 bits contain the exponent:
1100 0001
The last 23 bits contain the mantissa:
100 0000 1100 0001 1000 0011
2. Convert the exponent from binary (from base 2) to decimal (in base 10).
The exponent is allways a positive integer.
1100 0001(2) =
1 × 27 + 1 × 26 + 0 × 25 + 0 × 24 + 0 × 23 + 0 × 22 + 0 × 21 + 1 × 20 =
128 + 64 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 1 =
128 + 64 + 1 =
193(10)
3. Adjust the exponent.
Subtract the excess bits: 2(8 - 1) - 1 = 127,
that is due to the 8 bit excess/bias notation.
The exponent, adjusted = 193 - 127 = 66
4. Convert the mantissa from binary (from base 2) to decimal (in base 10).
The mantissa represents the fractional part of the number (what comes after the whole part of the number, separated from it by a comma).
100 0000 1100 0001 1000 0011(2) =
1 × 2-1 + 0 × 2-2 + 0 × 2-3 + 0 × 2-4 + 0 × 2-5 + 0 × 2-6 + 0 × 2-7 + 1 × 2-8 + 1 × 2-9 + 0 × 2-10 + 0 × 2-11 + 0 × 2-12 + 0 × 2-13 + 0 × 2-14 + 1 × 2-15 + 1 × 2-16 + 0 × 2-17 + 0 × 2-18 + 0 × 2-19 + 0 × 2-20 + 0 × 2-21 + 1 × 2-22 + 1 × 2-23 =
0.5 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0.003 906 25 + 0.001 953 125 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0.000 030 517 578 125 + 0.000 015 258 789 062 5 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0.000 000 238 418 579 101 562 5 + 0.000 000 119 209 289 550 781 25 =
0.5 + 0.003 906 25 + 0.001 953 125 + 0.000 030 517 578 125 + 0.000 015 258 789 062 5 + 0.000 000 238 418 579 101 562 5 + 0.000 000 119 209 289 550 781 25 =
0.505 905 508 995 056 152 343 75(10)
= -111 116 214 094 484 471 808
1 - 1100 0001 - 100 0000 1100 0001 1000 0011, a 32 bit single precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation standard to a decimal number, written in base ten (float) = -111 116 214 094 484 471 808(10)
Spaces were used to group digits: for binary, by 4, for decimal, by 3.