What are the steps to convert
0 - 1001 1101 - 000 0010 0011 0000 0010 0011, a 32 bit single precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation standard to decimal?
1. Identify the elements that make up the binary representation of the number:
The first bit (the leftmost) indicates the sign,
1 = negative, 0 = positive.
0
The next 8 bits contain the exponent:
1001 1101
The last 23 bits contain the mantissa:
000 0010 0011 0000 0010 0011
2. Convert the exponent from binary (from base 2) to decimal (in base 10).
The exponent is allways a positive integer.
1001 1101(2) =
1 × 27 + 0 × 26 + 0 × 25 + 1 × 24 + 1 × 23 + 1 × 22 + 0 × 21 + 1 × 20 =
128 + 0 + 0 + 16 + 8 + 4 + 0 + 1 =
128 + 16 + 8 + 4 + 1 =
157(10)
3. Adjust the exponent.
Subtract the excess bits: 2(8 - 1) - 1 = 127,
that is due to the 8 bit excess/bias notation.
The exponent, adjusted = 157 - 127 = 30
4. Convert the mantissa from binary (from base 2) to decimal (in base 10).
The mantissa represents the fractional part of the number (what comes after the whole part of the number, separated from it by a comma).
000 0010 0011 0000 0010 0011(2) =
0 × 2-1 + 0 × 2-2 + 0 × 2-3 + 0 × 2-4 + 0 × 2-5 + 1 × 2-6 + 0 × 2-7 + 0 × 2-8 + 0 × 2-9 + 1 × 2-10 + 1 × 2-11 + 0 × 2-12 + 0 × 2-13 + 0 × 2-14 + 0 × 2-15 + 0 × 2-16 + 0 × 2-17 + 1 × 2-18 + 0 × 2-19 + 0 × 2-20 + 0 × 2-21 + 1 × 2-22 + 1 × 2-23 =
0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0.015 625 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0.000 976 562 5 + 0.000 488 281 25 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0.000 003 814 697 265 625 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0.000 000 238 418 579 101 562 5 + 0.000 000 119 209 289 550 781 25 =
0.015 625 + 0.000 976 562 5 + 0.000 488 281 25 + 0.000 003 814 697 265 625 + 0.000 000 238 418 579 101 562 5 + 0.000 000 119 209 289 550 781 25 =
0.017 094 016 075 134 277 343 75(10)
= 1 092 096 384
0 - 1001 1101 - 000 0010 0011 0000 0010 0011, a 32 bit single precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation standard to a decimal number, written in base ten (float) = 1 092 096 384(10)
Spaces were used to group digits: for binary, by 4, for decimal, by 3.