What are the steps to convert
0 - 0111 1110 - 111 0110 0010 0101 0010 0110, a 32 bit single precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation standard to decimal?
1. Identify the elements that make up the binary representation of the number:
The first bit (the leftmost) indicates the sign,
1 = negative, 0 = positive.
0
The next 8 bits contain the exponent:
0111 1110
The last 23 bits contain the mantissa:
111 0110 0010 0101 0010 0110
2. Convert the exponent from binary (from base 2) to decimal (in base 10).
The exponent is allways a positive integer.
0111 1110(2) =
0 × 27 + 1 × 26 + 1 × 25 + 1 × 24 + 1 × 23 + 1 × 22 + 1 × 21 + 0 × 20 =
0 + 64 + 32 + 16 + 8 + 4 + 2 + 0 =
64 + 32 + 16 + 8 + 4 + 2 =
126(10)
3. Adjust the exponent.
Subtract the excess bits: 2(8 - 1) - 1 = 127,
that is due to the 8 bit excess/bias notation.
The exponent, adjusted = 126 - 127 = -1
4. Convert the mantissa from binary (from base 2) to decimal (in base 10).
The mantissa represents the fractional part of the number (what comes after the whole part of the number, separated from it by a comma).
111 0110 0010 0101 0010 0110(2) =
1 × 2-1 + 1 × 2-2 + 1 × 2-3 + 0 × 2-4 + 1 × 2-5 + 1 × 2-6 + 0 × 2-7 + 0 × 2-8 + 0 × 2-9 + 1 × 2-10 + 0 × 2-11 + 0 × 2-12 + 1 × 2-13 + 0 × 2-14 + 1 × 2-15 + 0 × 2-16 + 0 × 2-17 + 1 × 2-18 + 0 × 2-19 + 0 × 2-20 + 1 × 2-21 + 1 × 2-22 + 0 × 2-23 =
0.5 + 0.25 + 0.125 + 0 + 0.031 25 + 0.015 625 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0.000 976 562 5 + 0 + 0 + 0.000 122 070 312 5 + 0 + 0.000 030 517 578 125 + 0 + 0 + 0.000 003 814 697 265 625 + 0 + 0 + 0.000 000 476 837 158 203 125 + 0.000 000 238 418 579 101 562 5 + 0 =
0.5 + 0.25 + 0.125 + 0.031 25 + 0.015 625 + 0.000 976 562 5 + 0.000 122 070 312 5 + 0.000 030 517 578 125 + 0.000 003 814 697 265 625 + 0.000 000 476 837 158 203 125 + 0.000 000 238 418 579 101 562 5 =
0.923 008 680 343 627 929 687 5(10)
= 0.961 504 340 171 813 964 843 75
0 - 0111 1110 - 111 0110 0010 0101 0010 0110, a 32 bit single precision IEEE 754 binary floating point representation standard to a decimal number, written in base ten (float) = 0.961 504 340 171 813 964 843 75(10)
Spaces were used to group digits: for binary, by 4, for decimal, by 3.