1. Start with the positive version of the number:
|-4 129 991| = 4 129 991
2. Divide the number repeatedly by 2:
Keep track of each remainder.
We stop when we get a quotient that is equal to zero.
- division = quotient + remainder;
- 4 129 991 ÷ 2 = 2 064 995 + 1;
- 2 064 995 ÷ 2 = 1 032 497 + 1;
- 1 032 497 ÷ 2 = 516 248 + 1;
- 516 248 ÷ 2 = 258 124 + 0;
- 258 124 ÷ 2 = 129 062 + 0;
- 129 062 ÷ 2 = 64 531 + 0;
- 64 531 ÷ 2 = 32 265 + 1;
- 32 265 ÷ 2 = 16 132 + 1;
- 16 132 ÷ 2 = 8 066 + 0;
- 8 066 ÷ 2 = 4 033 + 0;
- 4 033 ÷ 2 = 2 016 + 1;
- 2 016 ÷ 2 = 1 008 + 0;
- 1 008 ÷ 2 = 504 + 0;
- 504 ÷ 2 = 252 + 0;
- 252 ÷ 2 = 126 + 0;
- 126 ÷ 2 = 63 + 0;
- 63 ÷ 2 = 31 + 1;
- 31 ÷ 2 = 15 + 1;
- 15 ÷ 2 = 7 + 1;
- 7 ÷ 2 = 3 + 1;
- 3 ÷ 2 = 1 + 1;
- 1 ÷ 2 = 0 + 1;
3. Construct the base 2 representation of the positive number:
Take all the remainders starting from the bottom of the list constructed above.
4 129 991(10) = 11 1111 0000 0100 1100 0111(2)
4. Determine the signed binary number bit length:
The base 2 number's actual length, in bits: 22.
A signed binary's bit length must be equal to a power of 2, as of:
21 = 2; 22 = 4; 23 = 8; 24 = 16; 25 = 32; 26 = 64; ...
The first bit (the leftmost) is reserved for the sign:
0 = positive integer number, 1 = negative integer number
The least number that is:
1) a power of 2
2) and is larger than the actual length, 22,
3) so that the first bit (leftmost) could be zero
(we deal with a positive number at this moment)
=== is: 32.
5. Get the positive binary computer representation on 32 bits (4 Bytes):
If needed, add extra 0s in front (to the left) of the base 2 number, up to the required length, 32:
4 129 991(10) = 0000 0000 0011 1111 0000 0100 1100 0111
6. Get the negative integer number representation:
To get the negative integer number representation on 32 bits (4 Bytes),
... change the first bit (the leftmost), from 0 to 1...
Number -4 129 991(10), a signed integer number (with sign),
converted from decimal system (from base 10)
and written as a signed binary (in base 2):
-4 129 991(10) = 1000 0000 0011 1111 0000 0100 1100 0111
Spaces were used to group digits: for binary, by 4, for decimal, by 3.