2. Divide the number repeatedly by 2:
Keep track of each remainder.
We stop when we get a quotient that is equal to zero.
- division = quotient + remainder;
- 440 374 ÷ 2 = 220 187 + 0;
- 220 187 ÷ 2 = 110 093 + 1;
- 110 093 ÷ 2 = 55 046 + 1;
- 55 046 ÷ 2 = 27 523 + 0;
- 27 523 ÷ 2 = 13 761 + 1;
- 13 761 ÷ 2 = 6 880 + 1;
- 6 880 ÷ 2 = 3 440 + 0;
- 3 440 ÷ 2 = 1 720 + 0;
- 1 720 ÷ 2 = 860 + 0;
- 860 ÷ 2 = 430 + 0;
- 430 ÷ 2 = 215 + 0;
- 215 ÷ 2 = 107 + 1;
- 107 ÷ 2 = 53 + 1;
- 53 ÷ 2 = 26 + 1;
- 26 ÷ 2 = 13 + 0;
- 13 ÷ 2 = 6 + 1;
- 6 ÷ 2 = 3 + 0;
- 3 ÷ 2 = 1 + 1;
- 1 ÷ 2 = 0 + 1;
3. Construct the base 2 representation of the positive number:
Take all the remainders starting from the bottom of the list constructed above.
440 374(10) = 110 1011 1000 0011 0110(2)
4. Determine the signed binary number bit length:
The base 2 number's actual length, in bits: 19.
A signed binary's bit length must be equal to a power of 2, as of:
21 = 2; 22 = 4; 23 = 8; 24 = 16; 25 = 32; 26 = 64; ...
The first bit (the leftmost) indicates the sign:
0 = positive integer number, 1 = negative integer number
The least number that is:
1) a power of 2
2) and is larger than the actual length, 19,
3) so that the first bit (leftmost) could be zero
(we deal with a positive number at this moment)
=== is: 32.
5. Get the positive binary computer representation on 32 bits (4 Bytes):
If needed, add extra 0s in front (to the left) of the base 2 number, up to the required length, 32.
440 374(10) = 0000 0000 0000 0110 1011 1000 0011 0110
6. Get the negative integer number representation. Part 1:
To write the negative integer number on 32 bits (4 Bytes),
as a signed binary in one's complement representation,
... replace all the bits on 0 with 1s and all the bits set on 1 with 0s.
Reverse the digits, flip the digits:
Replace the bits set on 0 with 1s and the bits set on 1 with 0s.
!(0000 0000 0000 0110 1011 1000 0011 0110)
= 1111 1111 1111 1001 0100 0111 1100 1001
7. Get the negative integer number representation. Part 2:
To write the negative integer number on 32 bits (4 Bytes),
as a signed binary in two's complement representation,
add 1 to the number calculated above
1111 1111 1111 1001 0100 0111 1100 1001
(to the signed binary in one's complement representation)
Binary addition carries on a value of 2:
0 + 0 = 0
0 + 1 = 1
1 + 1 = 10
1 + 10 = 11
1 + 11 = 100
Add 1 to the number calculated above
(to the signed binary number in one's complement representation):
-440 374 =
1111 1111 1111 1001 0100 0111 1100 1001 + 1
Number -440 374(10), a signed integer number (with sign), converted from decimal system (from base 10) and written as a signed binary in two's complement representation:
-440 374(10) = 1111 1111 1111 1001 0100 0111 1100 1010
Spaces were used to group digits: for binary, by 4, for decimal, by 3.