2. Multiply each bit by its corresponding power of 2 and add all the terms up.
1100 0101 1010 1101(2) =
(1 × 215 + 1 × 214 + 0 × 213 + 0 × 212 + 0 × 211 + 1 × 210 + 0 × 29 + 1 × 28 + 1 × 27 + 0 × 26 + 1 × 25 + 0 × 24 + 1 × 23 + 1 × 22 + 0 × 21 + 1 × 20)(10) =
(32 768 + 16 384 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 1 024 + 0 + 256 + 128 + 0 + 32 + 0 + 8 + 4 + 0 + 1)(10) =
(32 768 + 16 384 + 1 024 + 256 + 128 + 32 + 8 + 4 + 1)(10) =
50 605(10)
The number 1100 0101 1010 1101(2) converted from an unsigned binary (in base 2) and written as a positive integer (with no sign) in decimal system (in base ten):
1100 0101 1010 1101(2) = 50 605(10)
Spaces were used to group digits: for binary, by 4, for decimal, by 3.