1. Is this a positive or a negative number?
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0101 0000 0110 0001 0111 0101 0111 0011 0010 0010 is the binary representation of a positive integer, on 64 bits (8 Bytes).
In a signed binary in two's complement representation, the first bit (the leftmost) indicates the sign, 1 = negative, 0 = positive.
2. Get the binary representation in one's complement.
* Run this step only if the number is negative *
Note on binary subtraction rules:
11 - 1 = 10; 10 - 1 = 1; 1 - 0 = 1; 1 - 1 = 0.
Subtract 1 from the initial binary number.
* Not the case - the number is positive *
3. Get the binary representation of the positive (unsigned) number.
* Run this step only if the number is negative *
Flip all the bits of the signed binary in one's complement representation (reverse the digits) - replace the bits set on 1 with 0s and the bits on 0 with 1s:
* Not the case - the number is positive *
4. Map the unsigned binary number's digits versus the corresponding powers of 2 that their place value represent:
263
0 262
0 261
0 260
0 259
0 258
0 257
0 256
0 255
0 254
0 253
0 252
0 251
0 250
0 249
0 248
0 247
0 246
0 245
0 244
0 243
0 242
0 241
0 240
0 239
0 238
1 237
0 236
1 235
0 234
0 233
0 232
0 231
0 230
1 229
1 228
0 227
0 226
0 225
0 224
1 223
0 222
1 221
1 220
1 219
0 218
1 217
0 216
1 215
0 214
1 213
1 212
1 211
0 210
0 29
1 28
1 27
0 26
0 25
1 24
0 23
0 22
0 21
1 20
0
5. Multiply each bit by its corresponding power of 2 and add all the terms up.
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0101 0000 0110 0001 0111 0101 0111 0011 0010 0010(2) =
(0 × 263 + 0 × 262 + 0 × 261 + 0 × 260 + 0 × 259 + 0 × 258 + 0 × 257 + 0 × 256 + 0 × 255 + 0 × 254 + 0 × 253 + 0 × 252 + 0 × 251 + 0 × 250 + 0 × 249 + 0 × 248 + 0 × 247 + 0 × 246 + 0 × 245 + 0 × 244 + 0 × 243 + 0 × 242 + 0 × 241 + 0 × 240 + 0 × 239 + 1 × 238 + 0 × 237 + 1 × 236 + 0 × 235 + 0 × 234 + 0 × 233 + 0 × 232 + 0 × 231 + 1 × 230 + 1 × 229 + 0 × 228 + 0 × 227 + 0 × 226 + 0 × 225 + 1 × 224 + 0 × 223 + 1 × 222 + 1 × 221 + 1 × 220 + 0 × 219 + 1 × 218 + 0 × 217 + 1 × 216 + 0 × 215 + 1 × 214 + 1 × 213 + 1 × 212 + 0 × 211 + 0 × 210 + 1 × 29 + 1 × 28 + 0 × 27 + 0 × 26 + 1 × 25 + 0 × 24 + 0 × 23 + 0 × 22 + 1 × 21 + 0 × 20)(10) =
(0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 274 877 906 944 + 0 + 68 719 476 736 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 1 073 741 824 + 536 870 912 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 16 777 216 + 0 + 4 194 304 + 2 097 152 + 1 048 576 + 0 + 262 144 + 0 + 65 536 + 0 + 16 384 + 8 192 + 4 096 + 0 + 0 + 512 + 256 + 0 + 0 + 32 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 2 + 0)(10) =
(274 877 906 944 + 68 719 476 736 + 1 073 741 824 + 536 870 912 + 16 777 216 + 4 194 304 + 2 097 152 + 1 048 576 + 262 144 + 65 536 + 16 384 + 8 192 + 4 096 + 512 + 256 + 32 + 2)(10) =
345 232 470 818(10)
6. If needed, adjust the sign of the integer number by the first digit (leftmost) of the signed binary:
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0101 0000 0110 0001 0111 0101 0111 0011 0010 0010(2) = 345 232 470 818(10)
The signed binary number in two's complement representation 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0101 0000 0110 0001 0111 0101 0111 0011 0010 0010(2) converted and written as an integer in decimal system (base ten):
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0101 0000 0110 0001 0111 0101 0111 0011 0010 0010(2) = 345 232 470 818(10)
Spaces were used to group digits: for binary, by 4, for decimal, by 3.